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A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap. A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
The Western Satraps, or Western Kshatrapas (Brahmi:, Mahakṣatrapa, "Great Satraps") were Indo-Scythian rulers of the western and central parts of India (extending from Saurashtra in the south and Malwa in the east, covering modern-day Sindh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh states), between 35 and 415 CE.
It is possible that the concept and province of the "Upper Satrapies" was created already during the late Achaemenid Empire, where superior military commands covering several satrapies are attested for Asia Minor at least, with scholars hypothesizing also the existence of similar arrangements for the Armenian, Syriac-Babylonian and eastern satrapies. [3]
Damates inherited his father's satrapy. According to Diodorus Siculus, he was the satrap of Cappadocia, but according to Cornelius Nepos, he was the satrap of Cilicia. [1] Around 370 BCE, Datames launched a revolt against king Artaxerxes II. [1] (uncertain) Datames, c. 380s–362 BCE. [2]
The Northern Satraps (Brahmi: , Kṣatrapa, "Satraps" or , Mahakṣatrapa, "Great Satraps"), or sometimes Satraps of Mathura, [2] or Northern Sakas, [1] are a dynasty of Indo-Scythian ("Saka") rulers who held sway over the area of Punjab and Mathura after the decline of the Indo-Greeks, from the end of the 1st century BCE to the 2nd century CE.
Arachosia (/ ær ə ˈ k oʊ s i ə /; Greek: Ἀραχωσία Arachōsíā), or Harauvatis (Old Persian: 𐏃𐎼𐎢𐎺𐎫𐎡𐏁 Harauvatiš), was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Mainly centred around the Arghandab River , [ 3 ] a tributary of the Helmand River , it extended as far east as the Indus River .
Satraps appointed by Alexander the Great himself or by his Diadochi in the partition of Babylon 323 BC and Triparadisus 321 BC. At that time Perdiccas was regent of the whole empire and Antipater regent of Macedon. However, not all governors had the title of satrap, Lysimachus was strategos of Thrace and Cleomenes of Naucratis was the nomarch ...
The dynastic capital was moved to Halicarnassus by Mausolus and Artemisia, who built the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, there. The dynasty survived the conquest of the Achaemenid Empire by Alexander the Great when Ada I , the final Hecatomnid ruler of Caria, adopted Alexander the Great as her son.