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However, the lungs do not usually bleed very much because the blood vessels involved are small and the pressure within them is low. [5] Therefore, pneumothorax is usually more of a problem than hemothorax. [8] A pneumothorax may form or be turned into a tension pneumothorax by mechanical ventilation, which may force air out of the tear in the ...
The most common findings in people with tension pneumothorax are chest pain and respiratory distress, often with an increased heart rate (tachycardia) and rapid breathing in the initial stages. Other findings may include quieter breath sounds on one side of the chest, low oxygen levels and blood pressure , and displacement of the trachea away ...
Pneumothorax Flail chest is a life-threatening medical condition that occurs when a segment of the rib cage breaks due to trauma and becomes detached from the rest of the chest wall . Two of the symptoms of flail chest are chest pain and shortness of breath .
Those with diabetes or the elderly may have less clear symptoms. [3] Serious and relatively common causes include acute coronary syndrome such as a heart attack (31%), pulmonary embolism (2%), pneumothorax, pericarditis (4%), aortic dissection (1%) and esophageal rupture. [3]
A rib fracture is a break in a rib bone. [1] This typically results in chest pain that is worse with inspiration. [1] Bruising may occur at the site of the break. [3] When several ribs are broken in several places a flail chest results. [4]
Of people with pulmonary contusion alone, 17% develop ARDS, while 78% of people with at least two additional injuries develop the condition. [6] A larger contusion is associated with an increased risk. In one study, 82% of people with 20% or more of the lung volume affected developed ARDS, while only 22% of people with less than 20% did so. [7]
Abdominal CT showing left renal artery injury. Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) represents 75% of all blunt trauma and is the most common example of this injury. [3] Seventy-five percent of BAT occurs in motor vehicle crashes, [4] in which rapid deceleration may propel the driver into the steering wheel, dashboard, or seatbelt, [5] causing contusions in less serious cases, or rupture of internal ...
The mortality of surgery is less than 1% overall, but rises to 4-6% in the elderly. Other factors predicting poorer surgical outcomes include intraoperative complications, incomplete surgery, lung disease beyond the fibrothorax being treated, and specific causes of fibrothorax such as asbestosis.