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However, this process is more expensive and energy-intensive than the wet process, which produces phosphoric acid with a lower concentration of P 2 O 5 (about 26-52%) and a higher level of impurities. The wet process is the most common method of producing phosphoric acid for fertilizer use. [23]
Phosphogypsum (PG) is the calcium sulfate hydrate formed as a by-product of the production of fertilizer, particularly phosphoric acid, from phosphate rock. It is mainly composed of gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O).
Urea phosphate is a 1:1 combination of urea and phosphoric acid that is used as a fertilizer. It has an NPK formula of 17-44-0, [1] and is soluble in water, producing a strongly acidic solution. Urea phosphate is available in fertilizer vendor bags that carry a UP signet on the packaging.
Example of phosphoric acid production. Wet-process phosphoric acid is prepared by adding sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) to apatite or tricalcium phosphate rock resulting in the following reaction: 3 H 2 SO 4 + Ca 3 (PO 4) 2 + 6 H 2 O ↔ 2 H 3 PO 4 + 3 CaSO 4 •2H 2 O Wet-process acid has to be purified by removing fluorine and other undesirable ...
Agricultural use of inorganic fertilizers in 2021 was 195 million tonnes of nutrients, of which 56% was nitrogen. [20] Asia represented 53% of the world's total agricultural use of inorganic fertilizers in 2021, followed by the Americas (29%), Europe (12%), Africa (4%) and Oceania (2%). This ranking of the regions is the same for all nutrients.
The nitrophosphate process (also known as the Odda process) is a method for the industrial production of nitrogen fertilizers invented by Erling Johnson in the municipality of Odda, Norway around 1927. The process involves acidifying phosphate rock with dilute nitric acid to produce a mixture of phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate.
The word "guano" originates from the Andean indigenous language Quechua, where it refers to any form of dung used as an agricultural fertilizer. [5] Archaeological evidence suggests that Andean people collected seabird guano from small islands and points off the desert coast of Peru for use as a soil amendment for well over 1,500 years [ 6 ...
The minerals are treated with sulfuric acid to give phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid is then neutralized to give various phosphate salts, which comprise fertilizers. In the wet process, phosphorus does not undergo redox. [65] About five tons of phosphogypsum waste are generated per ton of