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  2. Async/await - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Async/await

    Supporters claim that asynchronous, non-blocking code can be written with async/await that looks almost like traditional synchronous, blocking code. In particular, it has been argued that await is the best way of writing asynchronous code in message-passing programs; in particular, being close to blocking code, readability and the minimal ...

  3. Polymorphic code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphic_code

    The first known polymorphic virus was written by Mark Washburn. The virus, called 1260, was written in 1990. A better-known polymorphic virus was created in 1992 by the hacker Dark Avenger as a means of avoiding pattern recognition from antivirus software. A common and very virulent polymorphic virus is the file infecter Virut.

  4. Non-blocking algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-blocking_algorithm

    Wait-freedom is the strongest non-blocking guarantee of progress, combining guaranteed system-wide throughput with starvation-freedom. An algorithm is wait-free if every operation has a bound on the number of steps the algorithm will take before the operation completes. [15]

  5. Asynchronous I/O - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_I/O

    But such an approach, called synchronous I/O or blocking I/O, would block the progress of a program while the communication is in progress, leaving system resources idle. When a program makes many I/O operations (such as a program mainly or largely dependent on user input ), this means that the processor can spend almost all of its time idle ...

  6. Spinlock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinlock

    In software engineering, a spinlock is a lock that causes a thread trying to acquire it to simply wait in a loop ("spin") while repeatedly checking whether the lock is available. Since the thread remains active but is not performing a useful task, the use of such a lock is a kind of busy waiting .

  7. Callback (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callback_(computer...

    In computer programming, a callback is a function that is stored as data (a reference) and designed to be called by another function – often back to the original abstraction layer. A function that accepts a callback parameter may be designed to call back before returning to its caller which is known as synchronous or blocking.

  8. Busy waiting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busy_waiting

    In computer science and software engineering, busy-waiting, busy-looping or spinning is a technique in which a process repeatedly checks to see if a condition is true, such as whether keyboard input or a lock is available.

  9. Mutual exclusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_exclusion

    This problem (called a race condition) can be avoided by using the requirement of mutual exclusion to ensure that simultaneous updates to the same part of the list cannot occur. The term mutual exclusion is also used in reference to the simultaneous writing of a memory address by one thread while the aforementioned memory address is being ...