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Phalloplasty (also called penoplasty) [1] is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement .
Often used to refer to phalloplasty, metoidoplasty, or vaginectomy, sex reassignment surgery can also more broadly refer to many procedures an individual may have, such as male chest reconstruction, hysterectomy, or oophorectomy. Gender-affirming surgery is usually preceded by beginning hormone treatment with testosterone.
A penile implant is an implanted device intended for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, Peyronie's disease, ischemic priapism, deformity and any traumatic injury of the penis, and for phalloplasty or metoidioplasty, including in gender-affirming surgery. Men also opt for penile implants for aesthetic purposes.
Genital modifications are forms of body modifications applied to the human sexual organs. [1] When there's cutting involved, genital cutting or surgery can be used. [1] The term genital enhancement seem to be generally used for genital modifications that modify the external aspect, the way the patient wants it. [1]
In 1951, Harold Gillies, a plastic surgeon active in World War II, worked to develop the first technique for female-to-male gender-affirming surgery, producing a technique that has become a modern standard, called phalloplasty. [35] Phalloplasty is a cosmetic procedure that produces a visual penis out of grafted tissue from the patient.
A phalloplasty takes about 8–10 hours to complete (the first stage), and is generally followed by multiple (up to three) additional surgical procedures including glansplasty, scrotoplasty, testicular prosthesis, and/or penile implantation. Metoidioplasty typically requires 2–3 hours to complete.
Some transmasculine people have already undergone double mastectomy and hysterectomy. Scrotoplasty for transmasculine individuals is usually done with other gender-related genitourinary surgery (GRGUS), which consists of various procedures with variable personal desires for metoidioplasty, phalloplasty, vaginectomy, and urethroplasty. [13]
The medications used for FTM therapy include, mainly, androgens (namely testosterone) and GnRH analogues. While the therapy cannot undo the effects of a person's first puberty , developing secondary sex characteristics associated with a different sex can relieve some or all of the distress and discomfort associated with gender dysphoria , and ...