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An infrared heater or heat lamp is a heating appliance containing a high-temperature emitter that transfers energy to a cooler object through electromagnetic radiation.
The chimenea is an alternative to the patio heater for home use, which burns wood instead of gas. Some newer types of patio heaters are electrically powered radiative heaters that emit infrared energy onto nearby surfaces, which in turn heat up the surrounding air. Other styles of outdoor patio heaters include:
Outdoor heating is space heating that allows people to stay in substantially unenclosed spaces that would otherwise be too cold for comfort. To this end, various outdoor heating appliances are available, including gas patio heaters , quartz or ceramic electric lamps, and wood burning chimenea and fire pits.
Infrared radiation can pass through dry, clear air in the wavelength range of 8–13 μm. Materials that can absorb energy and radiate it in those wavelengths exhibit a strong cooling effect. Materials that can also reflect 95% or more of sunlight in the 200 nanometres to 2.5 μm range can exhibit cooling even in direct sunlight. [9]
In 2024, Nissan introduced a paint that lowers car interior temperatures by up to 21 °F in direct sunlight. It involves two types of particles, each operating at a different frequency. One reflects near-infrared light. The second converts other frequencies to match the infrared window, radiating the energy into space. [99]
The above equation only takes into account the temperature differences and ignores two important parameters, being 1) solar radiative flux; and 2) infrared exchanges from the sky. The concept of T sol-air was thus introduced to enable these parameters to be included within an improved calculation.
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