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  2. Register (sociolinguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_(sociolinguistics)

    In sociolinguistics, a register is a variety of language used for a particular purpose or particular communicative situation. For example, when speaking officially or in a public setting, an English speaker may be more likely to follow prescriptive norms for formal usage than in a casual setting, for example, by pronouncing words ending in -ing with a velar nasal instead of an alveolar nasal ...

  3. Rhetorical situation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetorical_situation

    A rhetorical situation is an event that consists of an issue, an audience, and a set of constraints. A rhetorical situation arises from a given context or exigence. An article by Lloyd Bitzer introduced the model of the rhetorical situation in 1968, which was later challenged and modified by Richard E. Vatz (1973) and Scott Consigny (1974).

  4. Ideal speech situation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_speech_situation

    An ideal speech situation was a term introduced in the early philosophy of Jürgen Habermas. It argues that an ideal speech situation is found when communication between individuals is governed by basic, implied rules. In an ideal speech situation, participants would be able to evaluate each other’s assertions solely on the basis of reason ...

  5. Style (sociolinguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_(sociolinguistics)

    An example of this performative style is exemplified by non-linguistic situations. In one study, Eckert interviewed several female students at Palo Alto High School in California. "New-wave" teens who wished to be distinctive adapted a more rebellious fashion style, wearing mostly dark clothes and pegged jeans, whereas popular, " preppy " girls ...

  6. Constitutive rhetoric - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutive_rhetoric

    Political speeches, manifestos, and resistance movements participate in this type of discourse, to establish an identity and a call to action within that identity. [10] A leader's speech calling a "nation" to war establishes a national identity within the discourse or text. A feminist speaking on women's right establishes the identity of the ...

  7. Contextualization (sociolinguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contextualization...

    Contextualization cues are both verbal and non-verbal signs that language speakers use and language listeners hear that give clues into relationships, the situation, and the environment of the conversation (Ishida 2006). An example of contextualization in academia is the work of Basil Bernstein (1990 [1971]).

  8. Speech codes theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_codes_theory

    1. "Speech Codes Theory does not account for manifestations of power in discourse. This is a matter of omission in the theoretical assumptions, methodological framework, and examination of fieldwork materials. 2. Speech Codes Theory treats culture as overly deterministic. A corollary to this is that it reifies culture as a static entity." [3]

  9. Audience design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audience_design

    In contrast with audience design, which can be defined as a responsive style-shift where the speaker responds to specific factors of the speech context, referee design is characterised as an initiative shift. In such situations, speakers may use styles associated with non-present social groups to signal hypothetical allegiances with these speakers.