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  2. Salt (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(chemistry)

    The constituent ions are held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds. The component ions in a salt can be either inorganic, such as chloride (Cl −), or organic, such as acetate (CH 3 COO −). Each ion can be either monatomic (termed simple ion), such as sodium (Na +) and chloride (Cl −) in sodium chloride, or polyatomic, such ...

  3. Ionic bonding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_bonding

    For example, Na–Cl and Mg–O interactions have a few percent covalency, while Si–O bonds are usually ~50% ionic and ~50% covalent. Pauling estimated that an electronegativity difference of 1.7 (on the Pauling scale ) corresponds to 50% ionic character, so that a difference greater than 1.7 corresponds to a bond which is predominantly ionic.

  4. Sodium chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_chloride

    Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .

  5. Chemical bond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond

    Crystal structure of sodium chloride (NaCl) with sodium cations (Na +) in purple and chloride anions (Cl −) in green. The yellow stipples represent the electrostatic force between the ions of opposite charge. Ionic bonding is a type of electrostatic interaction between atoms that have a large electronegativity difference.

  6. Ionic radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_radius

    Ionic radius, r ion, is the radius of a monatomic ion in an ionic crystal structure. Although neither atoms nor ions have sharp boundaries, they are treated as if they were hard spheres with radii such that the sum of ionic radii of the cation and anion gives the distance between the ions in a crystal lattice.

  7. Intramolecular force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramolecular_force

    Ionic bonding between sodium and chlorine. An ionic bond can be approximated as complete transfer of one or more valence electrons of atoms participating in bond formation, resulting in a positive ion and a negative ion bound together by electrostatic forces. [4]

  8. Bonding in solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonding_in_solids

    Covalent and ionic bonding form a continuum, with ionic character increasing with increasing difference in the electronegativity of the participating atoms. Covalent bonding corresponds to sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms of essentially equal electronegativity (for example, C–C and C–H bonds in aliphatic hydrocarbons).

  9. Sodium compounds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_compounds

    The most important sodium compounds are table salt (NaCl), soda ash (Na 2 CO 3), baking soda (NaHCO 3), caustic soda (NaOH), sodium nitrate (NaNO 3), di- and tri-sodium phosphates, sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O), and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 O). [7] In compounds, sodium is usually ionically bonded to water and anions and is ...