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Urinary incontinence (UI), also known as involuntary urination, is any uncontrolled leakage of urine. It is a common and distressing problem, which may have a large impact on quality of life. [1] Urinary incontinence is common in older women and has been identified as an important issue in geriatric health care.
Detrusor overactivity (DO, contraction of the muscular bladder wall) is the most common form of urinary incontinence (UI) in older adults. [medical citation needed] It is characterized by uninhibited bladder contractions causing an uncontrollable urge to void.
Bladder training is a behavioral therapy aimed at improving bladder control and managing urinary incontinence. It is a non-invasive intervention commonly employed for various types of incontinence, including urge incontinence, stress incontinence, and mixed incontinence.
Overactive bladder is characterized by a group of four symptoms: urgency, urinary frequency, nocturia, and urge incontinence. Urge incontinence is not present in the "dry" classification. [12] Urgency is considered the hallmark symptom of OAB, but there are no clear criteria for what constitutes urgency and studies often use other criteria. [1]
Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), also referred to as posterior tibial nerve stimulation, is the least invasive form of neuromodulation used to treat overactive bladder (OAB) and the associated symptoms of urinary urgency, urinary frequency and urge incontinence.
Trospium chloride is used for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge incontinence and frequent urination. [3] [4] [2]It should not be used with people who retain urine, who have severe digestive conditions, myasthenia gravis, narrow-angle glaucoma, or tachyarrhythmia.
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