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The side effects of nicergoline are usually limited to nausea, hot flushes, mild gastric upset, hypotension and dizziness. [6] At high drug dosages, bradycardia, increased appetite, agitation, diarrhea and perspiration were reported. Most of the available literature suggests that the side effects of nicergoline are mild and transient. [2]
Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, kidney problems, allergic reactions, and electrolyte problems. [1] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. [ 3 ] Losartan works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II while hydrochlorothiazide works by decreasing the ability of the kidneys to absorb electrolytes.
Flunarizine is a selective calcium antagonist with moderate other actions including antihistamine, serotonin receptor blocking and dopamine D 2 blocking activity. Compared to other calcium channel blockers such as dihydropyridine derivatives, verapamil and diltiazem, flunarizine has low affinity to voltage-dependent calcium channels.
Type A: augmented pharmacological effects, which are dose-dependent and predictable [5]; Type A reactions, which constitute approximately 80% of adverse drug reactions, are usually a consequence of the drug's primary pharmacological effect (e.g., bleeding when using the anticoagulant warfarin) or a low therapeutic index of the drug (e.g., nausea from digoxin), and they are therefore predictable.
[28] [34] It has negligible affinity (>10,000 nM) for the D 1, D 5, 5-HT 2, α 1-adrenergic, β-adrenergic, H 1, and mACh receptors. [ 28 ] [ 34 ] All sites were assayed using human materials. [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Pramipexole is a super agonist at the presynaptic D2S receptor, S referring to a shorter amino acid sequence which desensitize overtime ...
Side effects of thiocolchicoside can include nausea, allergy and vasovagal reactions. [15] Liver injury, pancreatitis, seizures, blood cell disorders, severe cutaneous disorders, rhabdomyolysis, and reproductive disorders have all been recorded in the French and European pharmacovigilance databases and in the periodic updates that the companies concerned submit to regulatory agencies.
More specifically, it is an antagonist/inverse agonist at most or all sites of the histamine H 1 receptor, serotonin 5-HT 1D, 5-HT 1F, 5-HT 2A, 5-HT 2B, 5-HT 2C, 5-HT 3, 5-HT 6, and 5-HT 7 receptors, and adrenergic α 1-and α 2-adrenergic receptors, and additionally a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.
However, it does act as a high affinity antagonist of the histamine H 1 receptor [24] and is a low to moderate affinity antagonist of the dopamine D 2, serotonin 5-HT 2, and α 1-adrenergic receptors. [3] [23] H 1 receptor antagonism accounts for its antihistamine effects and associated sedative side effects.