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  2. Physical dependence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_dependence

    Physical dependence is usually managed by a slow dose reduction over a period of weeks, months or sometimes longer depending on the drug, dose and the individual. [6] A physical dependence on alcohol is often managed with a cross tolerant drug, such as long acting benzodiazepines to manage the alcohol withdrawal symptoms.

  3. Substance dependence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_dependence

    Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption ...

  4. Drug withdrawal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_withdrawal

    drug sensitization or reverse tolerance – the escalating effect of a drug resulting from repeated administration at a given dose; drug withdrawal – symptoms that occur upon cessation of repeated drug use; physical dependencedependence that involves persistent physical–somatic withdrawal symptoms (e.g., fatigue and delirium tremens)

  5. Psychological dependence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_dependence

    Psychological dependence develops through consistent and frequent exposure to a stimulus. After sufficient exposure to a stimulus capable of inducing psychological dependence (e.g., drug use), an adaptive state develops that results in the onset of withdrawal symptoms that negatively affect psychological function upon cessation of exposure.

  6. Addiction psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction_psychology

    The latter reflects physical dependence in which the body adapts to the drug, requiring more of it to achieve a certain effect (tolerance) [25] and eliciting drug-specific physical or mental symptoms if drug use is abruptly ceased (withdrawal). Physical dependence can happen with the chronic use of many drugs—including even appropriate ...

  7. Substance use disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_use_disorder

    "Substance use pertains to using select substances such as alcohol, tobacco, illicit drugs, etc. that can cause dependence or harmful side effects."On the other hand, substance abuse is the use of drugs such as prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or alcohol for purposes other than what they are intended for or using them in excessive ...

  8. Opioid use disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid_use_disorder

    Drug dependence is an adaptive state associated with a withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of repeated exposure to a stimulus (e.g., drug intake). [57] [58] [59] Dependence is a component of a substance use disorder. [36] [78] Opioid dependence can manifest as physical dependence, psychological dependence, or both. [77] [58] [78]

  9. Substance-related disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance-related_disorder

    The drugs used are often associated with levels of substance intoxication that alter judgment, perception, attention and physical control, not related with medical effects. It is often thought that the main used substances are illegal drugs and alcohol; however it is becoming more common that prescription drugs and tobacco are a prevalent ...