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A ray through the unit hyperbola x 2 − y 2 = 1 at the point (cosh a, sinh a), where a is twice the area between the ray, the hyperbola, and the x-axis. For points on the hyperbola below the x-axis, the area is considered negative (see animated version with comparison with the trigonometric (circular) functions).
This equation is called the canonical form of a hyperbola, because any hyperbola, regardless of its orientation relative to the Cartesian axes and regardless of the location of its center, can be transformed to this form by a change of variables, giving a hyperbola that is congruent to the original (see below).
When q > 2, the equation x 2 + y 2 − qxy − q = 0 defines a hyperbola H and (a,b) represents an integral lattice point on H. If (x,x) is an integral lattice point on H with x > 0, then (since q is integral) one can see that x = 1. This proposition's statement is then true for the point (x,x).
The curve represents xy = 1. A hyperbolic angle has magnitude equal to the area of the corresponding hyperbolic sector, which is in standard position if a = 1. In geometry, hyperbolic angle is a real number determined by the area of the corresponding hyperbolic sector of xy = 1 in Quadrant I of the Cartesian plane.
The semi-minor axis (minor semiaxis) of an ellipse or hyperbola is a line segment that is at right angles with the semi-major axis and has one end at the center of the conic section. For the special case of a circle, the lengths of the semi-axes are both equal to the radius of the circle.
A hyperbolic sector is a region of the Cartesian plane bounded by a hyperbola and two rays from the origin to it. For example, the two points (a, 1/a) and (b, 1/b) on the rectangular hyperbola xy = 1, or the corresponding region when this hyperbola is re-scaled and its orientation is altered by a rotation leaving the center at the origin, as with the unit hyperbola.
Visual proof that confocal ellipses and hyperbolas intersect orthogonally, because each has a "reflection property" Considering the pencils of confocal ellipses and hyperbolas (see lead diagram) one gets from the geometrical properties of the normal and tangent at a point (the normal of an ellipse and the tangent of a hyperbola bisect the angle ...
The equation is for an ellipse, since both eigenvalues are positive. (Otherwise, if one were positive and the other negative, it would be a hyperbola.) The principal axes are the lines spanned by the eigenvectors. The minimum and maximum distances to the origin can be read off the equation in diagonal form.