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In geometry, a triangle center or triangle centre is a point in the triangle's plane that is in some sense in the middle of the triangle. For example, the centroid , circumcenter , incenter and orthocenter were familiar to the ancient Greeks , and can be obtained by simple constructions .
Centroid of a triangle. In mathematics and physics, the centroid, also known as geometric center or center of figure, of a plane figure or solid figure is the arithmetic mean position of all the points in the surface of the figure. [further explanation needed] The same definition extends to any object in -dimensional Euclidean space. [1]
It is the first listed center, X(1), in Clark Kimberling's Encyclopedia of Triangle Centers, and the identity element of the multiplicative group of triangle centers. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] For polygons with more than three sides, the incenter only exists for tangential polygons : those that have an incircle that is tangent to each side of the polygon.
The following is a list of centroids of various two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects. The centroid of an object in -dimensional space is the intersection of all hyperplanes that divide into two parts of equal moment about the hyperplane.
The circumcenter is the point of intersection between the three perpendicular bisectors of the triangle's sides, and is a triangle center. More generally, an n -sided polygon with all its vertices on the same circle, also called the circumscribed circle, is called a cyclic polygon , or in the special case n = 4 , a cyclic quadrilateral .
The nine-point center is the circumcenter of the medial triangle of the given triangle, the circumcenter of the orthic triangle of the given triangle, and the circumcenter of the Euler triangle. More generally it is the circumcenter of any triangle defined from three of the nine points defining the nine-point circle. [citation needed]
If f is a triangle center function and a, b, c are the side-lengths of a reference triangle then the point whose trilinear coordinates are f(a,b,c) : f(b,c,a) : f(c,a,b) is called a triangle center. Clark Kimberling is maintaining a website devoted to a compendium of triangle centers.
The Nagel point is the isotomic conjugate of the Gergonne point.The Nagel point, the centroid, and the incenter are collinear on a line called the Nagel line.The incenter is the Nagel point of the medial triangle; [2] [3] equivalently, the Nagel point is the incenter of the anticomplementary triangle.