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Ovarian tumours by incidence and risk of ovarian cancer, with adult granulosa cell tumour at right [7] Using next generation DNA sequencing, 97% of adult granulosa cell tumours were found to contain an identical mutation in the FOXL2 gene . This is a somatic mutation, meaning it is not usually transmitted to descendants.
Adult granulosa cell tumors are characterized by later onset (30+ years, 50 on average). These tumors produce high levels of estrogen, which causes its characteristic symptoms: menometrorrhagia; endometrial hyperplasia; tender, enlarged breasts; postmenopausal bleeding; and secondary amenorrhea.
A very rare tumour producing both ovarian (granulosa and/or theca) and testicular (Sertoli and/or Leydig) cells or tissues. Typically it consists of adult-type granulosa cells and Sertoli cells, [4] [5] but it has been reported with juvenile-type granulosa cells. [6] It has been reported to occur in the ovary usually, rarely in the testis. [7]
Call–Exner bodies marked with black circles in an intermediate-high magnification micrograph of a granulosa cell tumour, a type of sex cord stromal tumour. H&E stain. H&E stain. Call–Exner bodies , giving a follicle-like appearance, are small eosinophilic fluid-filled punched out spaces between granulosa cells . [ 1 ]
Meigs syndrome may mimic other conditions, [4] since it is tumor arising from ovaries, pathology of any organs present in the abdomen may show a similar set of symptoms. . These include various gynecological disorders of the uterus such as endometrial tumor, sarcoma, leiomyoma (pseudo-Meigs syndrome); fallopian tube disorders such as hydrosalpinx, granulomatous salpingitis, fallopian tube ...
adult type; M8620/3 Granulosa cell tumor, malignant Granulosa cell carcinoma; ... M8622/1 Granulosa cell tumor, juvenile M8623/1 Sex cord tumor with annular tubules
Granular cell tumor is a tumor that can develop on any skin or mucosal surface, but occurs on the tongue 40% of the time. It is also known as Abrikossoff's tumor , [ 1 ] granular cell myoblastoma , [ 1 ] granular cell nerve sheath tumor , [ 1 ] and granular cell schwannoma . [ 1 ]
Transitional cell carcinoma is an even rarer entity, in which neoplastic transitional epithelial cells similar to transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder are seen in the ovary, without the characteristic stromal/epithelial pattern of a Brenner tumour.