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The forgetting curve, with original data from Ebbinghaus. From 1880 to 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus ran a limited, incomplete study on himself and published his hypothesis in 1885 as Über das Gedächtnis (later translated into English as Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology). [3]
The forgetting curve describes the exponential loss of information that one has learned. [7] The sharpest decline occurs in the first twenty minutes and the decay is significant through the first hour. The curve levels off after about one day. A typical representation of the forgetting curve. The learning curve described by Ebbinghaus refers to ...
Serial-position effect is the tendency of a person to recall the first and last items in a series best, and the middle items worst. [1] The term was coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus through studies he performed on himself, and refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. [2]
The spacing effect demonstrates that learning is more effective when study sessions are spaced out. This effect shows that more information is encoded into long-term memory by spaced study sessions, also known as spaced repetition or spaced presentation, than by massed presentation ("cramming").
Herman Ebbinghaus (1850–1909). Born in Bremen, Germany in 1850, Hermann Ebbinghaus is recognized as the first to apply the principles of experimental psychology to studying memory. He is especially well known for his introduction and application of nonsense syllables in studying memory, study of which led him to discover the forgetting curve ...
He found that forgetting occurs in a systematic manner, beginning rapidly and then leveling off. [5] Although his methods were primitive, his basic premises have held true today and have been reaffirmed by more methodologically sound methods. [6] The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve is the name of his results which he plotted out and made 2 ...
Memory researcher Hermann Ebbinghaus performed classical overlearning studies in the late 1890s. [1] He noticed that memory for learned material decreased over time (see also forgetting curve). Ebbinghaus recognized that lists of nonsense syllables became more difficult to recall over time, and some lists required more review time to regain 100 ...
Spaced repetition with forgetting curves. Although the principle is useful in many contexts, spaced repetition is commonly applied in contexts in which a learner must acquire many items and retain them indefinitely in memory. It is, therefore, well suited for the problem of vocabulary acquisition in the course of second-language learning.