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Side chain. An oligomeric or polymeric offshoot from a macromolecular chain. An oligomeric branch may be termed a short-chain branch. A polymeric branch may be termed a long-chain branch. [1] In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called the "main chain" or backbone.
Alkylation. Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). [1] Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting alkylation. Alkyl groups can also be removed in a process known as dealkylation.
Alkyl group. In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen. [1] The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −CnH2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula ...
According to another study, when measured in a different solution, the DNA chain measured 22–26 Å (2.2–2.6 nm) wide, and one nucleotide unit measured 3.3 Å (0.33 nm) long. [10] The buoyant density of most DNA is 1.7g/cm 3. [11] DNA does not usually exist as a single strand, but instead as a pair of strands that are held tightly together.
Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group [4] (these may respectively be called alkylamines ...
A nucleic acid sequence is the order of nucleotides within a DNA (GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule that is determined by a series of letters. Sequences are presented from the 5' to 3' end and determine the covalent structure of the entire molecule. Sequences can be complementary to another sequence in that the base on each position is complementary ...
Alkylating antineoplastic agent. An alkylating antineoplastic agent is an alkylating agent used in cancer treatment that attaches an alkyl group (C n H 2n+1) to DNA. [1] Since cancer cells, in general, proliferate faster and with less error-correcting than healthy cells, cancer cells are more sensitive to DNA damage—such as being alkylated ...
Lysine (symbol Lys or K) [2] is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins.It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH + 3 form when dissolved in water), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form when dissolved in water), and a side chain lysyl ((CH 2) 4 NH 2), classifying it as a basic, charged (at physiological pH), aliphatic ...