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Bacillus thuringiensis serotype israelensis (Bti) is a group of bacteria used as biological control agents for larvae stages of certain dipterans. Bti produces toxins which are effective in killing various species of mosquitoes , fungus gnats , and blackflies , while having almost no effect on other organisms.
Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, the most commonly used biological pesticide worldwide. B. thuringiensis also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflies , as well on leaf surfaces, aquatic environments, animal feces, insect-rich environments, flour mills and ...
The generic and English name thrips is a direct transliteration of the Ancient Greek word θρίψ, thrips, meaning "woodworm". [4] Like some other animal-names (such as sheep, deer, and moose) in English the word "thrips" expresses both the singular and plural, so there may be many thrips or a single thrips. Other common names for thrips ...
Flower thrips can be agricultural pests in either two species of thrips in the genus Frankliniella: F. tritici, Eastern flower thrips; F. occidentalis, ...
The adult female thrips lays her eggs in the flower tissue of a host plant. At around 25 °C (77 °F), the life cycle takes about twelve days; the eggs hatch after four days, there are two larval stages, followed by a non-feeding prepupal and a pupal stage before the adult emerges. Adults survive for about thirteen days. [1]
The western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)] is an invasive pest insect in agriculture. This species of thrips is native to the Southwestern United States [ 1 ] but has spread to other continents, including Europe , Australia (where it was identified in May 1993 [ 1 ] ), and South America via transport of infested plant ...
The degree to which the flower is crushed has an effect on both the longevity of the pyrethrin usage and the quality. The finer powder produced is better suited for use as an insecticide than the more coarsely crushed flowers. However, the more coarsely crushed flowers have a longer shelf life and deteriorate less. [15]
F. tritici inhabits blossom, such as dandelion flowers. [3] They can directly damage plants, grasses and trees, in addition to commercial crops, [3] and as a vector for tospoviruses, a form of plant virus, it particularly affects small fruit production in the United States, including strawberries, grapes, blueberries and blackberries. [2]