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In engineering, science, and statistics, replication is the process of repeating a study or experiment under the same or similar conditions. It is a crucial step to test the original claim and confirm or reject the accuracy of results as well as for identifying and correcting the flaws in the original experiment. [ 1 ]
Progress of replication forks is inhibited by many factors; collision with proteins or with complexes binding strongly on DNA, deficiency of dNTPs, nicks on template DNAs and so on. If replication forks get stuck and the rest of the sequences from the stuck forks are not copied, then the daughter strands get nick nick unreplicated sites.
Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method.For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or in a statistical analysis of a data set should be achieved again with a high degree of reliability when the study is replicated.
Replication is one of the oldest and most important topics in the overall area of distributed systems. Data replication and computation replication both require processes to handle incoming events. Processes for data replication are passive and operate only to maintain the stored data, reply to read requests and apply updates.
Reassembly of nucleosomes behind the replication fork is mediated by chromatin assembly factors (CAFs) that are loosely associated with replication proteins. [ 4 ] [ 11 ] Though not fully understood, the reassembly does not appear to utilize the semi-conservative scheme seen in DNA replication. [ 11 ]
Another intriguing aspect of replication timing is that the temporal order of replication is disrupted in most cancers and in many diseases. [18] We do not yet understand the mechanisms behind this link, but it suggests that further research may reveal replication-timing changes as useful biomarkers for such diseases.
Semiconservative replication describes the mechanism of DNA replication in all known cells. DNA replication occurs on multiple origins of replication along the DNA template strands. As the DNA double helix is unwound by helicase, replication occurs separately on each template strand in antiparallel directions. This process is known as semi ...
The mechanism by which this damage occurs is still not known. One possibility is that reduced origin activation leads to incomplete DNA replication. Significant re-replication is only observed when all CDK regulatory pathways are inhibited. [25] In mammalian cells, Cdt1 and Cdc6 are much more important to re-replication regulation. [25]