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A variation in standard temperature can result in a significant volumetric variation for the same mass flow rate. For example, a mass flow rate of 1,000 kg/h of air at 1 atmosphere of absolute pressure is 455 SCFM when defined at 32 °F (0 °C) but 481 SCFM when defined at 60 °F (16 °C).
For some usage examples, consider the conversion of 1 SCCM to kg/s of a gas of molecular weight , where is in kg/kmol. Furthermore, consider standard conditions of 101325 Pa and 273.15 K, and assume the gas is an ideal gas (i.e., =).
With C v = 1.0 and 200 psia inlet pressure, the flow is 100 standard cubic feet per minute (scfm). The flow is proportional to the absolute inlet pressure, so the flow in scfm would equal the C v flow coefficient if the inlet pressure were reduced to 2 psia and the outlet were connected to a vacuum with less than 1 psi absolute pressure (1.0 ...
Since 1982, STP has been defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of exactly 1 bar (100 kPa, 10 5 Pa). NIST uses a temperature of 20 °C (293.15 K, 68 °F) and an absolute pressure of 1 atm (14.696 psi, 101.325 kPa). [3] This standard is also called normal temperature and pressure (abbreviated as NTP).
Until 1982, STP was defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 atm). Since 1982, STP is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar). Conversions between each volume flow metric are calculated using the following formulas: Prior to 1982,
21 MPa 3,000 psi Ballistic pressure exerted as high-power bullet strikes a solid bulletproof object [citation needed] 22 MPa 3,200 psi Critical pressure of water 28 MPa 4,100 psi Overpressure caused by the bomb explosion during the Oklahoma City bombing [72] 40 MPa 5,800 psi Water pressure at the depth of the wreck of the Titanic: 69 MPa 10,000 psi
conversion gigapascal: GPa GPa 1.0 GPa (150,000 psi) megapascal: MPa MPa 1.0 MPa (150 psi) kilopascal: kPa kPa 1.0 kPa (0.15 psi) hectopascal: hPa hPa 1.0 hPa (0.015 psi) pascal: Pa Pa 1.0 Pa (0.00015 psi) millipascal: mPa mPa 1.0 mPa (1.5 × 10 −7 psi) millibar: mbar mbar 1.0 mbar (1.0 hPa) mb mb decibar: dbar dbar 1.0 dbar (10 kPa) bar: bar ...
Pollution regulations in the United States typically reference their pollutant limits to an ambient temperature of 20 to 25 °C as noted above. In most other nations, the reference ambient temperature for pollutant limits may be 0 °C or other values. 1 percent by volume = 10,000 ppmv (i.e., parts per million by volume).