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According to Erikson's theory the results from each stage, whether positive or negative, influence the results of succeeding stages. [2] Erikson published a book called Childhood and Society in 1950 that highlighted his research on the eight stages of psychosocial development. [3]
Erikson's theory of development includes various psychosocial crises where each conflict builds off of the previous stages. [39] The result of each conflict can have negative or positive impacts on a person's development, however, a negative outcome can be revisited and readdressed throughout the life span. [40]
Each of Erikson's stages include both a positive and negative influences that can go on to be seen later in an individual's life. His theory includes the influence of biological factors on development. [9] Jane Loevinger (b.1918) built on the work of Erikson in her description of stages of ego development.
One of them is the psychologist Erik Erikson, [8] who created a model of eight phases of psychosocial development. [8] According to his theory, people go through different phases in their lives, each of which has its own developmental crisis that shapes a person's personality and behavior.
Erik Erikson (1902–1994) was the first to use the term generativity. The term generativity was coined by the psychoanalyst Erik Erikson in 1950 to denote "a concern for establishing and guiding the next generation." [1] He first used the term while defining the Care stage in his theory of the stages of psychosocial development.
Childhood and Society was the first of Erikson's books to become popular. [2] The critic Frederick Crews calls the work "a readable and important book extending Freud's developmental theory." [3] The Oxford Handbook of Identity names Erikson as the seminal figure in "the developmental approach of understanding identity". [4]
Many theories of development have aspects of identity formation included in them. Two theories directly address the process of identity formation: Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development (specifically the Identity versus Role Confusion stage), James Marcia's identity status theory, and Jeffrey Arnett's theories of identity formation in emerging adulthood.
In psychology, identity crisis is a stage theory of identity development which involves the resolution of a conflict over eight stages of life. [1] [2] The term was coined by German psychologist Erik Erikson. The stage of psychosocial development in which identity crisis may occur is called identity cohesion vs. role confusion.