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Laboratory rats or lab rats are strains of the rat subspecies Rattus norvegicus domestica (Domestic Norwegian rat) which are bred and kept for scientific research. While less commonly used for research than laboratory mice , rats have served as an important animal model for research in psychology and biomedical science [ 1 ] , and "lab rat" is ...
In the U.S., the numbers of rats and mice used are not reported, but estimates range from around 11 million [4] to approximately 100 million. [5] In 2000, the Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, published the results of an analysis of its Rats/Mice/and Birds Database: Researchers, Breeders, Transporters, and Exhibitors.
The terms animal testing, animal experimentation, animal research, in vivo testing, and vivisection have similar denotations but different connotations.Literally, "vivisection" means "live sectioning" of an animal, and historically referred only to experiments that involved the dissection of live animals.
The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat and Norwegian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown or grey rodent with a body length of up to 28 cm (11 in) long, and a tail slightly shorter than that. It weighs between 140 ...
More Cunning than Man: A Complete History of the Rat and its Role in Civilization, Kensington Books. ISBN 1-57566-393-7. Hodgson, B. (1997). The Rat: A Perverse Miscellany. Ten Speed Press. ISBN 9780898159264; Langton, J. (2007). Rat: How the World's Most Notorious Rodent Clawed Its Way to the Top. St Martins Press. ISBN 978-0312363840
In the 1940s, influenced by the studies of his former professor Edward C. Tolman, Tryon decided to test the theory that intelligence is an inherited trait. [2] To do this, he tested the ability of laboratory rats to navigate a maze: rats who took fewer wrong turns to get through the maze and reach the food at the end were termed "maze-bright", while those who took many wrong turns were termed ...
A research report is a publication that reports on the findings of a research project. [1]Research reports are produced by many sectors including industry, education, government and non-government organizations and may be disseminated internally, or made public (i.e. published) however they are not usually available from booksellers or through standard commercial publishing channels.
The specific voluntary crowding of rats to which the term "behavioral sink" refers is thought to have resulted from the earlier involuntary crowding: individual rats became so used to the proximity of others while eating that they began to associate feeding with the company of other rats. Calhoun eventually found a way to prevent this by ...