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Common bird families found in mangroves around the world are egrets, kingfishers, herons, and hornbills, among many others dependent on ecological range. [58] Bird predation plays a key role in maintaining prey species along coastlines and within mangrove ecosystems.
Mangroves once covered three-quarters of the world's tropical coastlines, with Southeast Asia hosting the greatest diversity. Only 12 species live in the Americas. Mangroves range in size from small bushes to the 60-meter giants found in Ecuador. Within a given mangrove forest, different species occupy distinct niches.
Current estimates place the number of mangrove crab species at 481 in 6 different families, with new species being discovered frequently. [5] Mangrove crabs primarily live in the Indo-West Pacific region in mudflats along tropical coasts. [10] The largest habitats for mangrove crabs are in Southeast Asia, South America, and Northern Australia. [9]
Mangroves form a distinct characteristic saline woodland or shrubland habitat, called a mangrove swamp or mangrove forest. [39] Mangrove swamps are found in depositional coastal environments, where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high-energy wave action. Mangroves dominate three quarters of ...
Pakistani mangroves are located mainly along the delta of the Indus River (the Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves ecoregion). Major mangrove forests are found on the coastline of the provinces of Sindh and Balochistan. In Karachi, land reclamation projects have led to the cutting down of mangrove forests for commercial and urban ...
Estimated effects of sea level rise on the species composition and distribution of Florida's mangroves by 2100 under low, moderate, and severe scenarios. [ 8 ] Between 1870 and 2004, the current sea level rise has been approximately 8 inches total, or 1.46 mm/yr. [ 9 ] and studies show that mangroves in southern Florida expanded their ...
This is a list of mangrove ecoregions ordered according to whether they lie in the Afrotropical, Australasian, Indomalayan, or Neotropical realms of the world. Mangrove estuaries such as those found in the Sundarbans of southwestern Bangladesh are rich productive ecosystems which serve as spawning grounds and nurseries for shrimp, crabs, and many fish species, a richness which is lost if the ...
The mangroves are an important habitat for sea life, birds and animals such as turtles and crocodiles. Sea life includes fiddler crabs, mud crab (Scylla serrata), mudskippers, (Periophthalmus kalolo) and many species of sea snails and sea slugs. Some marine fishes use the mangroves as mating and spawning grounds. Resident species of birds ...