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The history of France's military nuclear program recounts the path that led France to develop a military nuclear program after World War II.The establishment of the French Nuclear Deterrence Force was based on a French nuclear testing program that began on February 13, 1960, and ended on January 27, 1996.
According to Lieutenant Colonel Warner D. Farr in a report to the USAF Counterproliferation Center while France was previously a leader in nuclear research "Israel and France were at a similar level of expertise after the war, and Israeli scientists could make significant contributions to the French effort. Progress in nuclear science and ...
Map of French nuclear power plants in 1975. International events caused France's nuclear power program to accelerate dramatically. The Arab-Israeli conflict, particularly the Yom Kippur War, resulted in the first oil shock, which increased oil prices four-fold between October 1973 and March 1974.
France carried out a series of 24 nuclear tests from 1971 to 1974 [1] These tests followed the 1966–1970 French nuclear tests series and preceded the 1975–1978 French nuclear tests. France's 1971–1974 series tests and detonations
The AN-11 was France's first nuclear weapon, developed to arm the Force de frappe. The AN-11's development began in the late 1950s. An early version was used in France's first nuclear test, Gerboise Bleue, on 13 February 1960. The first AN-11 prototype was tested 1 May 1962, and it entered service in 1964.
The Reggane series was a group of 4 atmospheric A-bomb nuclear tests conducted by France between February 1960 and April 1961, close to the end of the Algerian War. [1] The bombs were detonated at the Saharan Military Experiments Centre near Reggane, French Algeria in the Sahara desert region of Tanezrouft, by the Nuclear Experiments Operational Group (GOEN), a unit of the Joint Special ...
The France's 1966–1970 nuclear test series [1] was a group of 22 nuclear tests conducted in 1966–1970. These tests followed the In Ekker series and preceded the 1971–1974 French nuclear tests series.
Gerboise Bleue (French: [ʒɛʁbwaz blø]; lit. ' Blue Jerboa ') was the codename of the first French nuclear test.It was conducted by the Nuclear Experiments Operational Group (GOEN), a unit of the Joint Special Weapons Command [1] on 13 February 1960, at the Saharan Military Experiments Centre near Reggane, French Algeria in the Sahara desert region of the Tanezrouft, during the Algerian War.