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Botrytis squamosa (teleomorph: Botryotinia squamosa) is a fungus that causes leaf blight on onion (often termed ‘blast’) that is distinctly characterized by the two stages – leaf spotting followed by blighting. [1] The pathogen is an ascomycete that belongs to the family Sclerotiniaceae in the order Helotiales. [2]
The anamorphs of Botryotinia are mostly included in the "imperfect fungi" genus Botrytis. The genus contains 22 species and one hybrid. The genus contains 22 species and one hybrid. Plant diseases caused by Botryotinia species appear primarily as blossom blights and fruit rots but also as leaf spots and bulb rots in the field and in stored ...
The Botrytis Leaf Blight pathogen survives the winter much like White Rot does, as sclerotia (a small mass of fungi capable of thriving in hostile conditions). [15] Such sclerotia is responsible for spreading the pathogen and infecting crops as it has been observed to infect leaves and bulbs of sprouted crops.
Other species of Botrytis may be present, such as B. peoniae on peonies, B. squamosa on onion, and B. tulipae on tulips. These species of Botrytis share some common characteristics in pathology and ecology. The generic name Botrytis is derived from the Greek bótrys ("cluster of", "grapes") and the Latin suffix -itis ("like"). [5]
Fungal diseases; Botrytis blight Botrytis cinerea. Myrothecium root and crown rot Myrothecium roridum. Phytophthora root and stem rot Phytophthora spp. Pythium root rot Pythium ultimum Pythium mastophorum. Sclerotinia blight Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Verticillium wilt Verticillium albo-atrum
There are seven different species of Botrytis associated with onions in storage, but the rot induced by B. allii and B. aclada causes the greatest commercial loss. The two can be distinguished microscopically; the conidia of B. allii have a maximum length of 15 μm and mean size of 10.2 × 5.7 μm, while the conidia of B. aclada have a maximum length of 12 μm and mean size of 8.6 × 4.6 μm.
Rhizoctonia solani root rot on corn roots, magnified 0.63X. Damping off can be prevented or controlled in several different ways. Sowing seeds in a sterilized growing medium can be effective, although fungal spores may still be introduced to the medium, either on the seeds themselves or after sowing (in water or on the wind).
Leaf blight of the grasses e.g. Ascochyta species [5] and Alternaria triticina that causes blight in wheat [6] Bur oak blight , caused by the fungal pathogen Tubakia iowensis . South American leaf blight, caused by the ascomycete Pseudocercospora ulei , [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] also called Microcyclus ulei , [ 10 ] ended the cultivation of the rubber ...