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A camshaft operating two valves. A camshaft is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams in order to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), [1] [2] mechanically controlled ignition systems and early electric motor speed controllers.
The cam can be seen as a device that converts rotational motion to reciprocating (or sometimes oscillating) motion. [clarification needed] [3] A common example is the camshaft of an automobile, which takes the rotary motion of the engine and converts it into the reciprocating motion necessary to operate the intake and exhaust valves of the cylinders.
In many older overhead valve engines, the camshaft is located in the block near the crankshaft, therefore a simple gear system is often used to drive the camshaft. Overhead camshaft engines mostly use timing belts or timing chains, since these are better suited to transferring drive over larger distances.
A cam engine is a reciprocating engine where instead of the conventional crankshaft, the pistons deliver their force to a cam that is then caused to rotate. The output work of the engine is driven by this cam. [1] A variation of the cam engine, the swashplate engine (also the closely related wobble-plate engine), was briefly popular. [2]
SOHC design (for a 1973 Triumph Dolomite Sprint) . The oldest configuration of overhead camshaft engine is the single overhead camshaft (SOHC) design. [1] A SOHC engine has one camshaft per bank of cylinders, therefore a straight engine has a total of one camshaft and a V engine or flat engine has a total of two camshafts (one for each cylinder bank).
The cause is the design of the crankcase ventilation circuit, which Ford revised several times over the engine's lifetime but never completely cured. Due to this, camshaft and tappet wear problems are common. A worn camshaft can cause heavy clattering and ticking from the engine's top end, especially at high engine speeds. [8]
A helical camshaft is a type of mechanical variable valve actuation (VVA) system. More specifically, it is a camshaft that allows the valve opening duration to be varied over a wide, continuous, step-less range, with all of the added duration being at full valve lift.
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