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  2. Gel extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_extraction

    Gel extraction kits are available from several major biotech manufacturers for a final cost of approximately 1–2 US$ per sample. Protocols included in these kits generally call for the dissolution of the gel-slice in 3 volumes of chaotropic agent at 50 °C, followed by application of the solution to a spin-column (the DNA remains in the column), a 70% ethanol wash (the DNA remains in the ...

  3. Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_electrophoresis_of...

    DNA gel electrophoresis. The most common dye used to make DNA or RNA bands visible for agarose gel electrophoresis is ethidium bromide, usually abbreviated as EtBr. It fluoresces under UV light when intercalated into the major groove of DNA (or RNA).

  4. Allantoin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allantoin

    Allantoin is a major metabolic intermediate in most organisms including animals, plants and bacteria, though not humans. It is produced from uric acid, which itself is a degradation product of nucleic acids, by action of urate oxidase (uricase). [3] [4] [5] Allantoin also occurs as a natural mineral compound (IMA symbol Aan [6]).

  5. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-dimensional_gel...

    Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, abbreviated as 2-DE or 2-D electrophoresis, is a form of gel electrophoresis commonly used to analyze proteins. Mixtures of proteins are separated by two properties in two dimensions on 2D gels. 2-DE was first independently introduced by O'Farrell [ 1 ] and Klose [ 2 ] in 1975.

  6. Electroelution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroelution

    The gel piece containing the fragment is excised (cut out from the whole gel) and placed in a dialysis bag with buffer. Electrophoresis causes the DNA to migrate out of the gel into the dialysis bag buffer. The DNA fragments are recovered from this buffer and purified, using phenol–chloroform extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. This ...

  7. Gel electrophoresis of proteins - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_electrophoresis_of...

    During electrophoresis in a discontinuous gel system, an ion gradient is formed in the early stage of electrophoresis that causes all of the proteins to focus into a single sharp band. The formation of the ion gradient is achieved by choosing a pH value at which the ions of the buffer are only moderately charged compared to the SDS-coated proteins.

  8. Gel electrophoresis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_electrophoresis

    Gel electrophoresis uses a gel as an anticonvective medium or sieving medium during electrophoresis. Gels suppress the thermal convection caused by the application of the electric field and can also serve to maintain the finished separation so that a post-electrophoresis stain can be applied. [ 3 ]

  9. TAE buffer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAE_buffer

    TAE buffer is commonly prepared as a 50× stock solution for laboratory use. A 50× stock solution can be prepared by dissolving 242 g Tris base in water, adding 57.1 ml glacial acetic acid, and 100 ml of 500 mM EDTA (pH 8.0) solution, and bringing the final volume up to 1 litre.

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