Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
A second caveat is that the terms physical or mental should not be taken too literally: physical pain or suffering, as a matter of fact, happens through conscious minds and involves emotional aspects, while mental pain or suffering happens through physical brains and, being an emotion, involves important physiological aspects.
[web 20] [note 17] Melvin E. Spiro further explains that "desire is the cause of suffering because desire is the cause of rebirth." [85] When desire ceases, rebirth and its accompanying suffering ceases. [85] [note 18] Peter Harvey explains: Once birth has arisen, "ageing and death", and various other dukkha states follow.
The term "negative utilitarianism" was introduced by R. N. Smart in his 1958 reply to Karl Popper's book [9] The Open Society and Its Enemies, published in 1945. [10] In the book, Popper emphasizes the importance of preventing suffering in public policy. [11]
Some philosophers, such as Jeremy Bentham, Baruch Spinoza, and Descartes, have hypothesized that the feelings of pain (or suffering) and pleasure are part of a continuum. There is strong evidence of biological connections between the neurochemical pathways used for the perception of both pain and pleasure , as well as other psychological rewards.
Later translators have emphasized that "suffering" is a too limited translation for the term duḥkha, and have preferred to either leave the term untranslated, [15] or to clarify that translation with terms such as anxiety, distress, frustration, unease, unsatisfactoriness, not having what one wants, having what one doesn't want, etc. [18] [19 ...
Besides the philosophy of religion, the problem of evil is also important to the fields of theology and ethics. There are also many discussions of evil and associated problems in other philosophical fields, such as secular ethics, [5] [6] [7] and evolutionary ethics. [8] [9] But as usually understood, the problem of evil is posed in a ...
[1] [2] These three poisons are considered to be three afflictions or character flaws that are innate in beings and the root of craving, and so causing suffering and rebirth. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] The three poisons are symbolically shown at the center of the Buddhist Bhavachakra artwork, with the rooster, snake, and pig, representing greed, ill-will and ...
Psychological pain, mental pain, or emotional pain is an unpleasant feeling (a suffering) of a psychological, non-physical origin. A pioneer in the field of suicidology, Edwin S. Shneidman, described it as "how much you hurt as a human being. It is mental suffering; mental torment."