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Heart rate is the frequency of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (beats per minute, or bpm). The heart rate varies according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide .
The pulse is the rate at which the heart beats while pumping blood through the arteries, recorded as beats per minute (bpm). [11] It may also be called "heart rate". In addition to providing the heart rate, the pulse should also be evaluated for strength and obvious rhythm abnormalities. [11] The pulse is commonly taken at the wrist (radial ...
Major factors influencing cardiac output – heart rate and stroke volume, both of which are variable. [1]In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols , ˙, or ˙, [2] is the volumetric flow rate of the heart's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured ...
Bradycardia, also called bradyarrhythmia, is a resting heart rate under 60 beats per minute (BPM). [1] While bradycardia can result from various pathological processes, it is commonly a physiological response to cardiovascular conditioning or due to asymptomatic type 1 atrioventricular block.
Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate. [1] In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute is accepted as tachycardia in adults. [1] Heart rates above the resting rate may be normal (such as with exercise) or abnormal (such as with electrical problems within the heart).
Normal heart rate (classically 60 to 100 beats per minute for an adult). Regular rhythm, with less than 0.16-second variation in the shortest and longest durations between successive P waves; The sinus node should pace the heart – therefore, P waves must be round, all the same shape, and present before every QRS complex in a ratio of 1:1.
It is recorded as arterial beats per minute or BPM. Although the pulse and heart beat are related, they are not the same. For example, there is a delay between the onset of the heart beat and the onset of the pulse, known as the pulse transit time, which varies by site. Similarly measurements of heart rate variability and pulse rate variability ...
In absence of external stimuli, sinoatrial pacing generally, while awake, maintains the heart rate in the range of 60–100 beats per minute (bpm). [8] The two branches of the autonomic nervous system work together to increase or slow the heart rate.