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To be used efficiently, all computer software needs certain hardware components or other software resources to be present on a computer. [1] These prerequisites are known as (computer) system requirements and are often used as a guideline as opposed to an absolute rule. Most software defines two sets of system requirements: minimum and recommended.
Software requirements [1] for a system are the description of what the system should do, the service or services that it provides and the constraints on its operation. The IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology defines a requirement as: [2] A condition or capability needed by a user to solve a problem or achieve an objective
This description, often called a hardware design model, allows hardware designers to understand how their components fit into a system architecture and provides to software component designers important information needed for software development and integration. Clear definition of a hardware architecture allows the various traditional ...
Software architecture is the set of structures needed to reason about a software system and the discipline of creating such structures and systems. Each structure comprises software elements, relations among them, and properties of both elements and relations.
Example of a high-level systems architecture for a computer. A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and views of a system. [1] An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the structures and behaviors of the system.
An example of two components in UML: Checkout processes a customer's order, which requires the other one to bill the credit card. For large-scale systems developed by large teams, a disciplined culture and process is required to achieve the benefits of CBSE. [4] Third-party components are often utilized in large systems.
A von Neumann architecture scheme. The von Neumann architecture—also known as the von Neumann model or Princeton architecture—is a computer architecture based on the First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, [1] written by John von Neumann in 1945, describing designs discussed with John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Electrical Engineering.
Brad Cox refined the concept of a software component in the 1980s. [7] He attempted to create an infrastructure and market for reusable third-party components by inventing the Objective-C programming language. [8] IBM introduced System Object Model (SOM) in the early 1990s. [9] Microsoft introduced Component Object Model (COM) in the