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Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a peroxidase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MPO gene on chromosome 17. [5] MPO is most abundantly expressed in neutrophils (a subtype of white blood cells ), and produces hypohalous acids to carry out their antimicrobial activity, including hypochlorous acid, the sodium salt of which is the chemical in bleach.
Myeloperoxidase deficiency is a disorder featuring lack in either the quantity or the function of myeloperoxidase–an iron-containing protein expressed primarily in neutrophil granules. [1] [2] [3] There are two types of myeloperoxidase deficiency: primary/inherited and secondary/acquired. [4]
An important diagnostic test is the presence of perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) with myeloperoxidase specificity [6] (a constituent of neutrophil granules) Depending on which organ is affected special tests can be performed, such as renal biopsy in patients with kidney failure or electromyography in patients with ...
[3] [7] The ANCA-positive rate is much higher in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus than in healthy individuals. [8] Levamisole, which is a common adulterant of cocaine, can cause an ANCA positive vasculitis. [9] The presence or absence of ANCA cannot indicate presence or absence of disease and results are correlated with clinical features.
13861 Ensembl ENSG00000121053 ENSMUSG00000052234 UniProt P11678 P49290 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000502 NM_007946 RefSeq (protein) NP_000493 NP_031972 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 58.19 – 58.21 Mb Chr 11: 87.75 – 87.77 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Eosinophil peroxidase is an enzyme found within the eosinophil granulocytes, innate immune cells of humans and mammals. This ...
[4] Analysis by immunofluorescence corroborated that NETs contain proteins from azurophilic granules (neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G and myeloperoxidase ), specific granules ( lactoferrin ), tertiary granules ( gelatinase ), and the cytoplasm; however, CD63 , actin , tubulin and various other cytoplasmatic proteins are not present in NETs.
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (Peroxidases or peroxide reductases (EC number 1.11.1.x) are a large group of enzymes which play a role in various biological processes. They are named after the fact that they commonly break up peroxides, and should not be confused with other enzymes that produce peroxide, which are often oxidases.
Azurophils may contain myeloperoxidase, phospholipase A2, acid hydrolases, elastase, defensins, neutral serine proteases, bactericidal permeability-increasing protein, [1] lysozyme, cathepsin G, proteinase 3, and proteoglycans. [citation needed] Azurophil granules are also known as "primary granules". [2]