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For example, él, ella, or usted can be replaced by a noun phrase, or the verb can appear with impersonal se and no subject (e.g. Aquí se vive bien, 'One lives well here'). The first-person plural expressions nosotros , nosotras , tú y yo , or él y yo can be replaced by a noun phrase that includes the speaker (e.g. Los estudiantes tenemos ...
Vowel raising appears only in verbs of the third conjugation (-ir verbs), and in this group it affects dormir, morir, podrir (alternative of the more common pudrir) and nearly all verbs which have -e-as their last stem vowel (e.g. sentir, repetir); exceptions include cernir, discernir and concernir (all three diphthongizing, e-ie).
(Él) es: "He/it is"; used for a male person or a thing of masculine (grammatical) gender. (Ella) es: "She/it is"; used for a female person or a thing of feminine (grammatical) gender. (Ello) es: "It is"; used to refer to neuter nouns such as facts, ideas, situations, and sets of things; rarely used as an explicit subject. Plural forms
El voseo en la historia y en la lengua de hoy – Las fórmulas de tratamiento en el español actual (in Spanish) Hotta. Hideo (2000). La estandarización y el regionalismo en el voseo del español argentino (in Spanish) Roca, Luis Alberto (2007). Breve historia del habla cruceña y su mestizaje (in Spanish) Rosenblat, Ángel (2000).
The going-to future, e.g., "John is going to leave tonight." The construction with a finite form of the copula verb be together with the to-infinitive, e.g., "John is to leave tonight". (With the zero copula of newspaper headline style, this becomes simply "John to leave tonight".) For details see am to.
Area of leísmo and loísmo/laísmo in central Spain. Leísmo ("using le") is a dialectal variation in the Spanish language that occurs largely in Spain.It involves using the indirect object pronouns le and les in place of the (generally standard) direct object pronouns lo, la, los, and las, especially when the direct object refers to a male person or people.