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Garlanded bucrania on a frieze from the Samothrace temple complex Bucranium on the frieze of the Temple of Vespasian and Titus in Rome.. Bucranium (pl. bucrania; from Latin būcrānium, from Ancient Greek βουκράνιον (boukránion) 'ox's head', referring to the skull of an ox) was a form of carved decoration commonly used in Classical architecture.
The pediment begins in Ancient Greek architecture; according to the mid-fifth century BCE poet Pindar, it was a Corinthian invention. [4] It is possible that it was devised specifically to contain sculpture, which from the early 6th century became "customary (though never obligatory)" in Doric temples; in Ionic ones it was a "rarity". [5]
Classicism in Greek sculpture derives mainly from the Athenian cultural evolution in the 5th century B.C. In Athens, the main artistic figure was Phidias, but Classicism owes an equally important aesthetic contribution to Polykleitos, active in Argos. However, in those times Athens was a much more influential city, hence its greater role as a ...
Ancient Greek architecture of the most formal type, for temples and other public buildings, is divided stylistically into three Classical orders, first described by the Roman architectural writer Vitruvius. These are: the Doric order, the Ionic order, and the Corinthian order, the names reflecting their regional origins within the Greek world.
The Empire style of the First French Empire (1800-1815) didn't feature many human mascarons, since they are rare in Ancient Greek and Roman architecture and design, but buildings and designs from this period feature lion mascarons, since these are present in Antiquity. Bucrania were also present, but mostly under the form of a head rather than ...
Polykleitos: The Doryphoros, the summary of the aesthetic idealism of Classicism. The sculpture of Classicism, the period immediately preceding the Hellenistic period, was built on a powerful ethical framework that had its bases in the archaic tradition of Greek society, where the ruling aristocracy had formulated for itself the ideal of arete, a set of virtues that should be cultivated for ...
Archaic Greek sculpture represents the first stages of the formation of a sculptural tradition that became one of the most significant in the entire history of Western art. The Archaic period of ancient Greece is poorly delimited, and there is great controversy among scholars on the subject.
The Propylaia (Greek: Προπύλαια; lit. ' Gates ') is the classical Greek Doric building complex that functioned as the monumental ceremonial gateway to the Acropolis of Athens. Built between 437 and 432 BC as a part of the Periklean Building Program, it was the last in a series of gatehouses built on the citadel.