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Crystal structure of CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3 perovskites (X=I, Br and/or Cl). The methylammonium cation (CH 3 NH 3 +) is surrounded by PbX 6 octahedra. [13]The name "perovskite solar cell" is derived from the ABX 3 crystal structure of the absorber materials, referred to as perovskite structure, where A and B are cations and X is an anion.
A perovskite is any material of formula ABX 3 with a crystal structure similar to that of the mineral perovskite, which consists of calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO 3). [2] The mineral was first discovered in the Ural mountains of Russia by Gustav Rose in 1839 and named after Russian mineralogist L. A. Perovski (1792–1856).
Perovskite (pronunciation: / p ə ˈ r ɒ v s k aɪ t /) is a calcium titanium oxide mineral composed of calcium titanate (chemical formula Ca Ti O 3).Its name is also applied to the class of compounds which have the same type of crystal structure as CaTiO 3, known as the perovskite structure, which has a general chemical formula A 2+ B 4+ (X 2−) 3. [6]
The main obstacle to viable tin perovskite solar cells is the instability of tin's oxidation state Sn 2+, which is easily oxidized to the stabler Sn 4+. [10] In solar cell research, this process is called self-doping, [11] because the Sn 4+ acts as a p-dopant and reduces solar cell efficiency.
A perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a type of solar cell that includes a perovskite-structured compound, most commonly a hybrid organic–inorganic lead or tin halide-based material as the light-harvesting active layer. [123] [124] Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halides and all-inorganic cesium lead halide, are cheap to produce ...
Other possible solar cell types are organic solar cells, dye sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells, quantum dot solar cells etc. The illuminated side of a solar cell generally has a transparent conducting film for allowing light to enter into the active material and to collect the generated charge carriers.
One of many possible designs for a Heterojunction–Perovskite tandem solar cell. [102] Heterojunction–Perovskite tandem structures have been fabricated, with some research groups reporting a power conversion efficiency exceeding the 29.43% Shockley–Queisser limit for crystalline silicon. This feat has been achieved in both monolithic and 4 ...
Since 2009, Miyasaka has been working on research and development of perovskite solar cell, therefore, he won the Clarivate Citation Laureates in 2017. [7] In 2017 Miyasaka was awarded the Hamakawa award for his contribution in photovoltaic science and technology development.