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The famous "Flat Earth" Flammarion engraving originates with Flammarion's 1888 L'atmosphère: météorologie populaire (p. 163). The myth of the flat Earth, or the flat-Earth error, is a modern historical misconception that European scholars and educated people during the Middle Ages believed the Earth to be flat. [1] [2]
Flat Earth map drawn by Orlando Ferguson in 1893 and lithographed by Louis H. Everts & Co. The map contains several references to biblical passages as well as various attacks at the "Globe Theory". Ferguson was born near Du Quoin, Illinois in 1846.
The illustration depicts a man, dressed as a pilgrim in a long robe and carrying a walking stick, who has reached a point where the flat Earth meets the firmament. The pilgrim kneels down and passes his head, shoulders, right arm, and the top of the walking stick through an opening in the firmament, which is depicted as covered on the inside by ...
The date of drawing was formerly estimated at c. 992–994 CE, based on suggested links to the journey of Archbishop Sigeric of Canterbury from Rome [25] but more recent analysis indicates that, although the information was revised about that time, the map was probably drawn between 1025 and 1050. [26]
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This image is based on File:Orlando-Ferguson-flat-earth-map.jpg, which Fallschirmjäger restored using various magic tricks. I have no familiarity with the FPC criteria, but the restored version seems to meet them with flying colors. Articles in which this image appears Flat Earth, Myth of the Flat Earth, could probably be used in others
The Earth's radius is the distance from Earth's center to its surface, about 6,371 km (3,959 mi). While "radius" normally is a characteristic of perfect spheres, the Earth deviates from spherical by only a third of a percent, sufficiently close to treat it as a sphere in many contexts and justifying the term "the radius of the Earth".