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Haloalkanes can also be classified according to the type of halogen on group 17 responding to a specific halogenoalkane. Haloalkanes containing carbon bonded to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine results in organofluorine, organochlorine, organobromine and organoiodine compounds, respectively. Compounds containing more than one kind of ...
Aryl fluorides are used as synthetic intermediates, e.g. for the preparation of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and liquid crystals. [1] The conversion of diazonium salts is a well established route to aryl fluorides. Thus, anilines are precursors to aryl fluorides. In the classic Schiemann reaction, tetrafluoroborate is the fluoride donor:
In organic chemistry, the Wurtz reaction, named after Charles Adolphe Wurtz, is a coupling reaction in which two alkyl halides are treated with sodium metal to form a higher alkane.
Haloalkane, or halogenoalkane, a group of chemical compounds consisting of alkanes with linked halogens (in particular, bromine-containing haloalkanes) Halomethane compounds: Halon 10001 (iodomethane) Halon 1001 (bromomethane) Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane, CH 2 BrCl) Halon 104 (carbon tetrachloride) Halon 1103 (tribromofluoromethane)
Darzens halogenation is the chemical synthesis of alkyl halides from alcohols via the treatment upon reflux of a large excess of thionyl chloride or thionyl bromide (SOX 2) in the presence of a small amount of a nitrogen base, such as a tertiary amine or pyridine or its corresponding hydrochloride or hydrobromide salt.
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Finally, weakly nucleophilic species (e.g., water, alcohols, carboxylic acids) will give a mixture of S N 1 and E1. For 1° haloalkanes with β-branching, E2 elimination is still generally preferred over S N 2 for strongly basic nucleophiles. Unhindered 1° haloalkanes favor S N 2 when the nucleophile is also unhindered. However, strongly basic ...
In enzymology, a haloalkane dehalogenase (EC 3.8.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. 1-haloalkane + H 2 O a primary alcohol + halide. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-haloalkane and H 2 O, whereas its two products are primary alcohol and halide.