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The Mughal dynasty (Persian: دودمان مغل, romanized: Dudmân-e Mughal) or the House of Babur (Persian: خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty founded by Babur that ruled the Mughal Empire from its inception in 1526 till the early eighteenth century, and then as ceremonial suzerains over much of the empire until 1857.
The perfunctory rule by the Ghaznavids in Punjab was followed by Ghurids, and Sultan Muhammad of Ghor (r. 1173–1206) is generally credited with laying the foundation of Muslim rule in Northern India. From the late 12th century onwards, Muslim empires dominated the subcontinent, most notably the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. [3]
The closest to an official name for the empire was Hindustan, which was documented in the Ain-i-Akbari. [28] Mughal administrative records also refer to the empire as "dominion of Hindustan" (Wilāyat-i-Hindustān), [29] "country of Hind" (Bilād-i-Hind), "Sultanate of Al-Hind" (Salṭanat(i) al-Hindīyyah) as observed in the epithet of Emperor Aurangzeb [30] or endonymous identification from ...
This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day. [citation needed]
Islam Shah Suri: 1507: 1545–1554: 1554: Second and last ruler of the Sur Empire, claims of sons Sikandar and Adil Shah were eliminated by Humayun's restoration. Humayun: 6 March 1508: 22 June 1555 – 27 January 1556: 27 January 1556: Restored rule was more unified and effective than the initial reign of 1530–1540; left a unified empire for ...
1526 – 1857: Mughal ascendancy (1526–1707), nominal rule by Mughals (1707–1857) 1541 – 1545: Sher Shah Sur built the Rohtas Fort; 1586: Yusufzais defeat Akbar at the Karakar pass [84] 1701: Kalhoro Dynasty establishes its rule over Sindh; 1739: Nadir Shah of Persia invades Mughal Empire; 1751–52: Ahmed Shah Abdali annexes Punjab to ...
[citation needed] Despite unfavourable treatment under the Muslim rule, Brahmanical education continued and was also patronised by rulers like Akbar and others. Bukka Raya I, one of the founders of Vijaynagar Empire, had taken steps to rehabilitate Hindu religious and cultural institutions which suffered a serious setback under Muslim rule ...
The Mughal Empire's legal system was context-specific and evolved over the course of the empire's rule. Being a Muslim state, the empire employed fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and therefore the fundamental institutions of Islamic law such as those of the qadi (judge), mufti (jurisconsult), and muhtasib (censor and market supervisor) were well ...