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Michael S. Turner (born July 29, 1949) [1] is an American theoretical cosmologist who coined the term dark energy in 1998. [2] He is the Rauner Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of Physics at the University of Chicago, [3] having previously served as the Bruce V. & Diana M. Rauner Distinguished Service Professor, [4] and as the assistant director for Mathematical and Physical Sciences ...
In physics, sound energy is a form of energy that can be heard by living things. Only those waves that have a frequency of 16 Hz to 20 kHz are audible to humans. However, this range is an average and will slightly change from individual to individual.
Most of the radiation energy in the universe is in the cosmic microwave background, [58] making up a fraction of roughly 6 × 10 −5 of the total density of the universe. [ 59 ] Two of the greatest successes of the Big Bang theory are its prediction of the almost perfect black body spectrum and its detailed prediction of the anisotropies in ...
The discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation constitutes a major development in modern physical cosmology.In 1964, US physicist Arno Allan Penzias and radio-astronomer Robert Woodrow Wilson discovered the cosmic microwave background (CMB), estimating its temperature as 3.5 K, as they experimented with the Holmdel Horn Antenna.
In the late 1990s, observations of supernovae [1] determined that not only is the universe expanding, it is expanding at an increasing rate. A better understanding of the acceleration of the universe, or dark energy, has become one of the most important questions in cosmology today. In order to understand the nature of the dark energy, it is ...
Although dark energy is currently the most popular explanation for the acceleration in the expansion of the universe, another theory elaborates on the possibility of our galaxy being part of a very large, not-so-underdense, cosmic void. According to this theory, such an environment could naively lead to the demand for dark energy to solve the ...
The discovery (by chance in 1965) of the cosmic background radiation suggests that the early universe was dominated by a radiation field, a field of extremely high temperature and pressure. [ 1 ] The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect shows the phenomena of radiant cosmic background radiation interacting with " electron " clouds distorting the ...
The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) spacecraft seven-year analysis estimated a universe made up of 72.8% dark energy, 22.7% dark matter, and 4.5% ordinary matter. [4] Work done in 2013 based on the Planck spacecraft observations of the cosmic microwave background gave a more accurate estimate of 68.3% dark energy, 26.8% dark matter ...