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A pH meter is a scientific instrument that ... The pH meter has one calibration control to set the meter reading equal to the value of the first standard buffer and a ...
To calibrate the electrode, it is first immersed in a standard solution, and the reading on a pH meter is adjusted to be equal to the standard buffer's value. The reading from a second standard buffer solution is then adjusted using the "slope" control to be equal to the pH for that solution. Further details, are given in the IUPAC ...
The equations, derived from the acidity constant and basicity constant, states that when pH equals the pK a or pK b value of the indicator, both species are present in a 1:1 ratio. If pH is above the p K a or p K b value, the concentration of the conjugate base is greater than the concentration of the acid, and the color associated with the ...
H + does not cross through the glass membrane of the pH electrode, it is the Na + which crosses and leads to a change in free energy. When an ion diffuses from a region of activity to another region of activity, there is a free energy change and this is what the pH meter actually measures.
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...
The lower the pH, the higher the concentration of bicarbonate will be. This shows how a lower pH can lead to higher alkalinity if the amount of bicarbonate produced is greater than the amount of H + remaining after the reaction. This is the case since the amount of acid in the rainwater is low.