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Mariner 2 (Mariner-Venus 1962), an American space probe to Venus, was the first robotic space probe to report successfully from a planetary encounter. The first successful spacecraft in the NASA Mariner program , it was a simplified version of the Block I spacecraft of the Ranger program and an exact copy of Mariner 1 .
Mariner 2 (designated Mariner R-2) was launched on August 27, 1962, sending it on a 3½-month flight to Venus. The mission was a success, and Mariner 2 became the first spacecraft to have flown by another planet. On the way it measured for the first time the solar wind, a constant stream of charged particles flowing outward from the Sun.
Mariner 2 (P-38) 27 August 1962: NASA United States: Flyby Successful First successful flyby past another planet on 14 December 1962 Atlas-LV3 Agena-B: 2MV-1 No.2: 1 September 1962: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Lander Launch failure Upper stage fuel valve failed to open, resulting in failure to ignite; never left LEO [10] Molniya: 2MV-2 No.1: 12 ...
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The first successful flyby Venus probe was the American Mariner 2 spacecraft, which flew past Venus in 1962, coming within 35,000 km. A modified Ranger Moon probe, it established that Venus has practically no intrinsic magnetic field and measured the temperature of the planet's atmosphere to be approximately 500 °C (773 K ; 932 °F ).
In 1961, he was named Project Manager of the Mariner Venus Project that led to the success of Mariner 2 which carried out the first ever planetary flyby, passing Venus on December 14, 1962. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] James was also Project Manager for the Mariner Mars Project that led to Mariner 4 's successful flyby of Mars on July 14, 1965.
Oil and gas company Apache is doing its own exploration, snapping up rival Mariner Energy in a deal valued at $$2.7 billion, Apache announced Thursday.The merger will give Apache an entry into ...
Mariner 2 successfully made the 3½-month flight, becoming the first spacecraft to fly by another planet. It carried microwave and infrared radiometers, and sensors for cosmic dust, solar plasma and high-energy radiation, and magnetic fields. Mariner 3, 4, and 5 spacecraft bus