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The Multinational Force in Lebanon (MNF) was an international peacekeeping force created in August 1982 following a 1981 U.S.-brokered ceasefire between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and Israel [3] to end their involvement in the conflict between Lebanon's pro-government and pro-Syrian factions.
The 1982 Lebanon War, also called the Second Israeli invasion of Lebanon, [22] [23] [24] began on 6 June 1982, when Israel invaded southern Lebanon.The invasion followed a series of attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the Israeli military, which had caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border.
The PLO had entrenched itself in Lebanon since 1971 and, by 1982, had over 10,000 fighters stationed in the country, particularly in and around West Beirut. As Israeli forces surrounded the city in June 1982, a humanitarian crisis loomed for both the Lebanese civilian population and the Palestinian refugees living in the area.
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Lebanese Civil War Part of the Cold War, Arab Cold War, Arab–Israeli conflict, Iran–Israel and Iran–Saudi proxy wars Left-to-right from top: Monument at Martyrs' Square in the city of Beirut ; the USS New Jersey firing a salvo off of the Lebanese coast; smoke seen rising from the ruins of the ...
Shortly after 6.00 a.m. on 15 September, the Israeli army entered West Beirut [16] in violation of a 1981 ceasefire brokered by the United States. [ 17 ] [ 18 ] Between 1,300 and 3,500 civilians, mostly Palestinians and Lebanese Shia Muslims, were massacred by members of the Lebanese Forces militia in an alleged act of retaliation for the ...
In June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon with the intention of rooting out the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). By 30 August 1982, under the supervision of the Multinational Force , the PLO withdrew from Lebanon following weeks of battles in West Beirut and shortly before the massacre took place.
The unusually direct U.S. intervention in Lebanon's sectarian politics appears aimed at capitalizing on shifts in the power balance in Lebanon and the wider Middle East, with Iran-backed Hezbollah ...
The Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon [a] lasted for eighteen years, from 1982 until 2000. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon in response to attacks from southern Lebanon by Palestinian militants .