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However, when > /, there is separation into two coexisting phases, one richer in polymer but poorer in solvent, than the other. The unusual feature of the liquid/liquid phase separation is that it is highly asymmetric: the volume fraction of monomers at the critical point is approximately N − 1 / 2 {\displaystyle N^{-1/2}} , which is very ...
Volume percent is the concentration of a certain solute, measured by volume, in a solution.It has as a denominator the volume of the mixture itself, as usual for expressions of concentration, [2] rather than the total of all the individual components’ volumes prior to mixing:
The Margules activity model is a simple thermodynamic model for the excess Gibbs free energy of a liquid mixture introduced in 1895 by Max Margules. [1] [2] After Lewis had introduced the concept of the activity coefficient, the model could be used to derive an expression for the activity coefficients of a compound i in a liquid, a measure for the deviation from ideal solubility, also known as ...
Sometimes specific volume is expressed in terms of the number of cubic centimeters occupied by one gram of a substance. In this case, the unit is the centimeter cubed per gram (cm 3 /g or cm 3 ·g −1). To convert m 3 /kg to cm 3 /g, multiply by 1000; conversely, multiply by 0.001. Specific volume is inversely proportional to density.
Phase equilibrium is assumed at the droplet surface and the mole fraction of fuel vapor at the droplet surface is obtained via the use of the Clapeyron's equation. An analytical expression for the heat flux is now derived. After some manipulations the conservation equation of energy writes:
Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension General heat/thermal capacity C = / J⋅K −1: ML 2 T −2 Θ −1: Heat capacity (isobaric)
In 1976, Noh & Woodward [5] presented the Simple Line Interface Calculation (SLIC), a technique to approximate fluid interfaces based on volume fractions, designed for directional-split advection scheme of volume fractions. SLIC could also handle an arbitrary number of immiscible fluid phases per grid cells.
Right: The reduction in flux passing through a surface can be visualized by reduction in F or dS equivalently (resolved into components, θ is angle to normal n). F•dS is the component of flux passing through the surface, multiplied by the area of the surface (see dot product). For this reason flux represents physically a flow per unit area.