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However, 15% of the women using misoprostol alone required a surgical follow-up procedure, which is significantly more than the mifepristone-misoprostol combination. [ 38 ] Tests have shown that letrozole or methotrexate may be included in the mifepristone-misoprostol regimen to improve the outcome in the first trimester.
Misoprostol also may be used in conjunction with oxytocin. [24] Between 2002 and 2012, a misoprostol vaginal insert was studied, and was approved in the EU. [25] [26] [27] It was not approved for use in the United States, and the US FDA still considers cervical ripening and labor induction to be outside of the approved uses for misoprostol. [28 ...
The routes of administration include sublingual, oral, vaginal, and rectal with greatest efficacy from sublingual and vaginal administration. Vaginally administered misoprostol had improved outcomes of inducing labor within twenty four hours compared to oxytocin, but was associated with uterine hyperstimulation . [ 15 ]
Mifepristone combined with misoprostol is the preferred medication regimen for management of early pregnancy loss. While misoprostol alone can be used, the addition of a dose of mifepristone twenty-four hours before misoprostol administration improves treatment efficacy. [30]
A weighted speculum is placed in the vagina during vaginal surgery with the patient in the lithotomy position. The weight holds the speculum in place and frees the surgeon's hands for other tasks. Auvard's speculum: Speculum used in standard vaginal procedures. Cusco's speculum: Bivalved self retaining speculum.
Alprostadil and misoprostol are synthetic forms of prostaglandin E1 used as medications. Lubiprostone , a derivative of prostaglandin E1, is also used as a medication. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Prostaglandin E 1 is a vasodilator .
Operative vaginal delivery, also known as assisted or instrumental vaginal delivery, is a vaginal delivery that is assisted by the use of forceps or a vacuum extractor. [ 1 ] Operative vaginal delivery is required in times of maternal or fetal distress to assist in childbirth as an alternative to caesarean section . [ 2 ]
A vaginal delivery is the birth of offspring in mammals (babies in humans) through the vagina (also called the "birth canal"). [1] It is the most common method of childbirth worldwide. [ 2 ] It is considered the preferred method of delivery, as it is correlated with lower morbidity and mortality than caesarean sections (C-sections), [ 3 ...