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There are many birds that are active nocturnally. Some, like owls and nighthawks, are predominantly nocturnal whereas others do specific tasks, like migrating, nocturnally. North Island brown kiwi, Apteryx mantelli [1] Black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax [1] Short-eared owl, Asio flammeus [1] Long-eared owl, Asio otus [1]
Other birds of prey are perhaps second only to pigeons and corvids amongst avian contributors to the diet (their ecological relationships with eagle-owls are explored in more detail below). [2] Here, carrion crows mob a Eurasian eagle-owl. It is with good cause as many are taken by night by the eagle-owl.
Other avivore mammals who occasionally prey on birds include most carnivora; a number of primates ranging from lorises and night monkeys over baboons and chimpanzees to humans; orcas; opossums and other marsupials; rats and other rodents; hedgehogs and other insectivora and bats. A number of mammal species are specialized predators of birds.
Grazing - feeding on grasses, sedges, or their seeds in fields or meadows; Probing - inserting bill into substrate and using touch or taste to detect prey; Mantling - spreading wings and body around prey to protect from piracy, especially seen in birds of prey. [8] Tool using is seen in some birds.
Other water birds recorded as prey include cormorants (up to 8.6% of the recorded prey in Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz Islands), auks, grebes and loons. [10] [30] Other raptorial birds can sometimes become semi-regular prey, such as various hawks which are recorded largely in North America at locations such as Oregon (8.8% of prey remains) and ...
[11] [34] [61] In central Europe within an older study, 6000 bird prey (or a little less than 10% of the recorded prey) items were recorded of nearly 100 species, 33% of which were sparrows. [61] When capturing avian prey, the tawny owls not only pluck the prey but also often decapitate and inflict fairly extensive skeletal damage, especially ...