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In 2017 about 27% of the rostered leaders were women and about 50% of the seminarians preparing for ministry were women. [35] In 2013 the first female presiding bishop of the ELCA, Elizabeth Eaton, was elected. [36] In 2018 16 of the 65 synodical bishops (17 bishops including Presiding Bishop Eaton) in the ELCA were women [37]
References are made within the earliest Christian communities to the role of women in positions of church leadership. Paul's letter to the Romans, written in the first century, commends Phoebe who is described as "deaconess of the church at Cenchreae" that she be received "in the Lord as befits the saints, and help her in whatever she may require from you, for she has been a helper of many and ...
Women do hold a prominent place in the church, including their work in the Relief Society, which is one of the largest and longest-lasting women's organizations in the world. [199] Women thus serve, as do men, in unpaid positions involving teaching, administration, missionary service, humanitarian efforts, and other capacities. [200]
In Britain, the Primitive Methodist Church always allowed the ordination of women to full-time ministry. The Primitive Methodists had full equal roles for men and women, but the Wesleyan Methodist Church only ordained its first deaconess in 1890, and after Methodist Union , the British Methodist Church resumed ordaining women as presbyters ...
Many Catholic women, both lay and in religious orders, have become influential mystics or theologians – with four women now recognised as Doctors of the Church: the Carmelites have produced two such women, the Spanish mystic Saint Teresa of Avila and French author Saint Therese of Lisieux; while Catherine of Siena was an Italian Dominican and ...
Jewish women disciples, including Mary Magdalene, Joanna, and Susanna, had accompanied Jesus during his ministry and supported him out of their private means. [2] Although the details of these gospel stories may be questioned, in general they reflect the prominent historical roles women played as disciples in Jesus' ministry.
Since the ordination of women as priests began in 1994, dioceses generally have on the Bishop's senior staff a Dean of Women's Ministry (or Bishop's Adviser in Women's Ministry or similar), whose role it is to advocate for clergy who are women and to ensure the Bishop is appraised of issues peculiar to their ministry.
Based on their interpretation of certain scriptures complementarians view women's roles in ministry, particularly in church settings, as limited. [18] The complementarian view holds that women should not hold church leadership roles that involve teaching or authority over men. [20]