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Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide molecule, made up of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. [citation needed] Carnosine was discovered by Russian chemist Vladimir Gulevich. [1] Carnosine is naturally produced by the body in the liver [2] from beta-alanine and histidine.
Zinc L-carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc [1]) (N-(3-aminopropionyl)-L-histidinato zinc [2]), often simply called zinc carnosine, and also known as polaprezinc, [3] is a mucosal protective [4] [5] chelate compound of zinc and L-carnosine invented by Hamari Chemicals, Ltd. [6] [7] It is a quadridentate 1:1 complex of a polymeric nature. [6]
Sucralfate is used for the treatment of active duodenal ulcers not related to the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as the mechanism behind these ulcers is due to acid oversecretion. [1] It is not FDA approved for gastric ulcers, but is widely used because of evidence of efficacy. [10]
It is a dimer, and hydrolyzes both carnosine and anserine, preferring dipeptides that have a histidine monomer in the C-terminus position. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Tissue carnosinase is often considered a "nonspecific dipeptidase", [ 13 ] [ 15 ] based in part on its ability to hydrolyze a range of dipeptide substrates , including those belonging to ...
Corn syrup explained: The liquid sweetener manages the unlikely feat of being one of the most valuable and most misunderstood ingredients in the kitchen.
β-Alanine is the rate-limiting precursor of carnosine, which is to say carnosine levels are limited by the amount of available β-alanine, not histidine. [6] Supplementation with β-alanine has been shown to increase the concentration of carnosine in muscles, decrease fatigue in athletes, and increase total muscular work done.