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Like other chlorosilanes or silanes, silicon tetrachloride reacts readily with water: . SiCl 4 + 2 H 2 O → SiO 2 + 4 HCl. The reaction can be noticed on exposure of the liquid to air, as SiCl 4 vapour produces fumes as it reacts with moisture to give a cloud-like aerosol of silica and hydrochloric acid. [6]
The methylchlorosilanes react with water to produce hydrogen chloride, giving siloxanes. In the case of trimethylsilyl chloride, the hydrolyzed product is hexamethyldisiloxane: 2 ((CH 3) 3 SiCl + H 2 O → [(CH 3) 3 Si] 2 O + 2 HCl. The analogous reaction of dimethyldichlorosilane gives siloxane polymers or rings: n (CH 3) 2 SiCl 2 + n H 2 O ...
Molten salts (fluoride, chloride, and nitrate) can be used as heat transfer fluids as well as for thermal storage. This thermal storage is used in concentrated solar power plants. [8] [9] Molten-salt reactors are a type of nuclear reactor that uses molten salt(s) as a coolant or as a solvent in which the fissile material is dissolved ...
This also includes water, potentially producing silicon dioxide, chlorine, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride (and its aqueous form hydrochloric acid), and heat. Trichlorosilane can cause hazardous chemical reactions with moisture and humidity alone, and should be handled and stored under inert gas. [8]
These chlorides are produced by the "Direct process", which entails the reaction of methyl chloride with a silicon-copper alloy. The main and most sought-after product is dimethyldichlorosilane: 2 CH 3 Cl + Si → (CH 3) 2 SiCl 2. A variety of other products are obtained, including trimethylsilyl chloride and methyltrichlorosilane
Hexamethyldisiloxane can be produced by addition of trimethylsilyl chloride to purified water: 2 Me 3 SiCl + H 2 O → 2 HCl + O[Si(CH 3) 3] 2. It also results from the hydrolysis of silyl ethers and other silyl-protected functional groups. HMDSO can be converted back to the chloride by reaction with Me 2 SiCl 2. [3]
Instead, most form eutectic mixtures, although the heaviest stable ones – mercury, thallium, lead, and bismuth – are completely immiscible with liquid silicon. [2] Usually, silicides are prepared by direct reaction of the elements. For example, the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals react with silicon or silicon oxide to give silicides ...
Other products of this explosion may include amorphous silicon, SiCl 2 F 2 and SiF 4. [10] Chlorine reacts with silicon tetrafluoride in the presence of aluminium chips at 500-600 °C to make mostly silicon tetra chloride and some SiClF 3. [11] Mercuric chloride when heated with SiF 3 Co(CO) 4 breaks the bond to form a 90% yield of SiClF 3. [12]