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Motivation is an internal state that propels individuals to engage in goal-directed behavior.It is often understood as a force that explains why people or animals initiate, continue, or terminate a certain behavior at a particular time.
Goal progress is a measure of advancement toward accomplishment of a goal. [2] Perceptions of progress often impact human motivation to pursue a goal. [3] Hull (1932, 1934) developed the goal gradient hypothesis, which posits that motivation to accomplish a goal increases monotonically from the goal initiation state to the goal ending state.
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that comes true at least in part as a result of a person's belief or expectation that the prediction would come true. [1] In the phenomena, people tend to act the way they have been expected to in order to make the expectations come true. [2]
The expectancy theory of motivation explains the behavioral process of why individuals choose one behavioral option over the other. This theory explains that individuals can be motivated towards goals if they believe that there is a positive correlation between efforts and performance, the outcome of a favorable performance will result in a desirable reward, a reward from a performance will ...
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review. [1] The theory is a classification system intended to reflect the universal needs of society as its base, then proceeding to more acquired emotions. [ 18 ]
The reward system (the mesocorticolimbic circuit) is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., "wanting"; desire or craving for a reward and motivation), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positively-valenced emotions, particularly ones involving pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).
Self-regulation is an important construct in student success within an environment that allows learner choice, such as online courses. Within the remained time of explanation, there will be different types of self-regulations such as the focus is the differences between first- and second-generation college students' ability to self-regulate their online learning.
Reversal theory is a structural, phenomenological theory of personality, motivation, and emotion in the field of psychology. [1] It focuses on the dynamic qualities of normal human experience to describe how a person regularly reverses between psychological states, reflecting their motivational style, the meaning they attach to a situation at a given time, and the emotions they experience.