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In computing, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a combinational digital circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers. [1] [2] This is in contrast to a floating-point unit (FPU), which operates on floating point numbers.
For example, the part of an arithmetic logic unit, or ALU, that does mathematical calculations is constructed using combinational logic. Other circuits used in computers, such as half adders , full adders , half subtractors , full subtractors , multiplexers , demultiplexers , encoders and decoders are also made by using combinational logic.
4-bit computing is the use of computer architectures in which integers and other data units are 4 bits wide. 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers or data buses of that size.
An adder, or summer, [1] is a digital circuit that performs addition of numbers. In many computers and other kinds of processors, adders are used in the arithmetic logic units (ALUs).
A common example is the Data General Nova, which was a 16-bit design that performed 16-bit math as a series of four 4-bit operations. 4-bits was the word size of a widely available single-chip ALU and thus allowed for inexpensive implementation. Using the definition being applied to the 68000, the Nova would be a 4-bit computer, or 4/16.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge use a 256-bit capability pointer, which includes capability and addressing information, on early implementations of their CHERI capability system. [7] SHA-256 hash function. Smart contracts use 256- or 257-bit integers; 256-bit words for the Ethereum Virtual Machine. "We realize that a 257 bits byte is ...
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ZFS is a 128-bit file system. 128 bits is a common key size for symmetric ciphers and a common block size for block ciphers in cryptography. The IBM i Machine Interface defines all pointers as 128-bit. The Machine Interface instructions are translated to the hardware's real instruction set as required, allowing the underlying hardware to change ...