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Trichloroethylene's discovery is widely attributed to E. Fischer who made it in 1864 via the reduction of hexachloroethane with hydrogen. Fischer investigated TCE and noted its boiling point as between 87 and 90 degrees Celsius. [12] [13] [14] Commercial production began in Germany, in 1920 and in the US in 1925. [15]
Between 1975 and 1985, the water supply of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune was contaminated with trichloroethylene and other volatile organic compounds. [10]In 1986, and later again in 2009, 2 plumes containing trichloroethylene was found on Long Island, New York due to Northrop Grumman's Bethpage factories that worked in conjunction with the United States Navy during the 1930s and 1940s.
This page provides supplementary chemical data on trichloroethylene. Material Safety Data Sheet The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ...
Trichloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation. Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985. [11] Although in very small amounts, tetrachloroethylene occurs naturally in volcanoes along with trichloroethylene. [12]
Chloroacetic acid is mainly made by hydrolysing trichloroethylene in the presence of sulfuric acid: CCl 2 =CHCl + 2 H 2 O → CH 2 ClCOOH + 2 HCl; Dichloroacetic acid is manufactured in small quantities by reducing trichloroacetic acid. Trichloroacetic acid is made by directly reacting chlorine with acetic acid using a suitable catalyst.
Map showing Imperial Chemical Industries sales regions, offices and factories in the United Kingdom in May 1955. In the 1940s and 1950s, the company established its pharmaceutical business and developed a number of key products, including Paludrine (1940s, an anti-malarial drug), [5] halothane (1951, an inhalational anaesthetic agent), propofol (1977, an intravenous anaesthetic agent), [13 ...
In production, plasma ALE is commonly used, which removes materials unidirectionally, creating structures with vertical walls. Thermal ALE can also be used to remove materials isotropically, in all directions at the same time but without the capability to create vertical walls.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane is an excellent solvent for many organic compounds and also one of the least toxic of the chlorinated hydrocarbons.It is generally considered non-polar, but owing to the good polarizability of the chlorine atoms, it is a superior solvent for organic compounds that do not dissolve well in hydrocarbons such as hexane.