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Vagusstoff (literally translated from German as "Vagus Substance") refers to the substance released by stimulation of the vagus nerve which causes a reduction in the heart rate. Discovered in 1921 by physiologist Otto Loewi , vagusstoff was the first confirmation of chemical synaptic transmission and the first neurotransmitter ever discovered.
Upon leaving the medulla oblongata between the olive and the inferior cerebellar peduncle, the vagus nerve extends through the jugular foramen, then passes into the carotid sheath between the internal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein down to the neck, chest, and abdomen, where it contributes to the innervation of the viscera, reaching all the way to the colon.
Jean Marian Purdy (25 April 1945 – 16 March 1985) was a British nurse, embryologist and pioneer of fertility treatment. She was responsible with Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe for developing in vitro fertilisation; Louise Joy Brown, the first "test-tube baby", was born on 25 July 1978, and Purdy was the first to see the embryonic cells dividing.
Then he developed the “electrocompressor” which allowed for the compression of the bilateral carotid arteries as well as electrical stimulation of both the vagus and cervical sympathetic nerves. The idea was to reduce cardiac output and to stimulate cervical sympathetic nerves to constrict cerebral blood vessels.
He initially gave it the name Vagusstoff because it was released from the vagus nerve and in 1936 he wrote: [36] ″I no longer hesitate to identify the Sympathicusstoff with adrenaline.″ A graph showing the threshold for nervous system response. One major question for neuroscientists in the early twentieth century was the physiology of nerve ...
That’s why Ooha Susmita, M.D., a sexual wellness expert with Allo Healthcare, recommends continually shaking things up in your sex life—whether that means trying role play, dirty talk, or BDSM ...
Vacuum extraction (VE), also known as ventouse, is a method to assist delivery of a baby using a vacuum device. It is used in the second stage of labor if it has not progressed adequately. It may be an alternative to a forceps delivery and caesarean section. It cannot be used when the baby is in the breech position or for premature births.
Although the media would refer to Brown as a "test tube baby", [2] her conception actually took place in a Petri dish. Purdy was the first to see Brown's embryonic cells dividing. [3] Louise Joy Brown was born on 25 July 1978 at Oldham's General Hospital, via a planned C-section performed by John Webster. [4]